1.Expert: regularly monitor the blood oxygen index of the elderly to be alert to hypoxemia
The joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council yesterday (27th) invited relevant experts to receive an exclusive interview on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among key groups. Now many people have purchased antiviral drugs through various channels. Experts said that antiviral drugs can only be used under the guidance of doctors.
Antiviral drugs should be used under the guidance of doctors
Wang Guiqiang, Director of the Infection Department of the First Hospital of Peking University: At present, some oral small molecule drugs can be used for antiviral treatment. We emphasize that they should be used early, that is, after the onset of the disease or after a clear diagnosis of the infection, they should be used as soon as possible. Generally, it is better to use within 5 days. It is not useless after 5 days, but the effect is limited.
Second, there is no clear data on preventive medication, which means that antiviral therapy is not used for preventive medication. We emphasize that small molecule drugs should be used under the guidance of doctors. Because these drugs have some problems of interaction and side effects, we emphasize that they should be used under the guidance of doctors as early as possible.
Monitoring the blood oxygen index of the elderly regularly to guard against hypoxemia
Experts said that with the large-scale infection of the population, some elderly people and people with basic diseases may lead to severe disease, pneumonia, even respiratory failure and other symptoms. Therefore, when monitoring the elderly at home, family members should pay special attention to the blood oxygen indicators of the elderly, and seek medical advice as soon as possible in case of rapid decline and other symptoms.
Wang Guiqiang, Director of the Infection Department of the First Hospital of Peking University: several very important indicators. For a breathing rate, if you breathe very fast, or have shortness of breath, more than 30 times per minute, you should go to the hospital to see a doctor. We also suggest that the elderly and basic patients at home should have an oxygen finger. This oxygen finger is very simple. If it is lower than 93, it will be severe. If it is lower than 95 and 94, it also needs early oxygen inhalation.
When the elderly with basic diseases are lying in bed, the oxygen saturation is good when they are lying flat and still, but they will obviously fall off when they are active, indicating that they have already suffered from hypoxia. Therefore, it is also recommended to measure the blood oxygen in the resting state and in the activity. If the blood oxygen drops rapidly, it also indicates that there is a serious risk, and it should be treated in the hospital in time.
In the home environment, the blood oxygen saturation is low, and you can take oxygen at home if you can. Because the situation of respiratory failure caused by COVID-19′s severe disease starts from hypoxemia, which induces the aggravation of a series of basic diseases. So we say that the elderly have basic diseases, why are they so vulnerable? This is because this population has a poor tolerance to hypoxia. Hypoxia can cause a series of basic diseases to worsen, leading to severe or even death. Therefore, early intervention to solve the problem of hypoxia is one of the most effective means to reduce the risk of severe illness and death. Therefore, it is hoped that these elderly people at home can take oxygen as much as possible when oxygen is measured at any time.
2.Is China’s epidemic prevention and control too fast? How to prevent and control new strains? Official response
In response to whether China’s epidemic prevention and control has been liberalized too quickly, Liang Wannian, the leader of the expert group of the National Health Commission’s COVID-19 Response Leading Group, said in an interview with the media in Beijing on the 29th that the adjustment of China’s epidemic prevention and control policy is based on the understanding of pathogens and diseases, the level of population immunity and the resistance of the health system, and social and public health interventions. The current adjustment is appropriate and scientific, It is also in accordance with the law and the reality of China’s prevention and control.
Liang Wannian stressed that since the epidemic prevention and control in 2020, China has been closely judging three factors: first, the understanding of pathogens and diseases, such as their virulence and harmfulness; second, the population’s immune level and the resistance of the health system, especially the ability to prevent and control and medical treatment; third, social and public health interventions. In the face of a major epidemic, China has always considered that these three aspects should be balanced.
Liang Wannian said that around this basic theoretical framework and thinking, with the deepening of people’s understanding of diseases and pathogens, the gradual establishment of the population’s immune level, and the strengthening of the resilience of resistance, China has constantly improved its diagnosis and treatment programs and prevention and control programs according to the situation. From the ninth version of the prevention and control plan, the twenty optimization measures and the “new ten” since 2020, to the adjustment to “B type B management”, all of these reflect China’s balance of these three factors.
Liang Wannian said that this kind of adjustment is not completely laissez faire, but more scientific and accurate to put resources on the most important prevention and control tasks and treatment tasks. “I think history will prove the speed of this adjustment. We believe that the current adjustment is appropriate, scientific, legal and in line with China’s reality of prevention and control.”
In response to foreign comments that China does not provide genome sequence data of virus strains, Wu Zunyou, the chief epidemiologist of China CDC, said that one of the main tasks of the Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention of China CDC is to analyze, sequence and report the virus strains across the country.
He pointed out that when the epidemic first occurred in Wuhan, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention uploaded the gene sequence to the WHO influenza sharing platform at the first time, so that countries could develop diagnostic reagents and vaccines based on this gene sequence. Subsequently, the epidemic situation in China was mainly imported into China from abroad, causing local transmission. Every time the CDC caught a new strain, it was promptly uploaded.
“Including this wave of epidemic, China has nine strains of Omicron virus in epidemic, and these results have been shared with the World Health Organization, so China has no secrets, and all work is shared with the world,” said Wu Zunyou.
Speaking about how to prevent and control new strains in the future, Liang Wannian said that China is very concerned about the monitoring of pathogen variation, and also actively participates in the global pathogen monitoring. Once a new variety is found, or changes in virus pathogenicity, transmissibility, virulence and other aspects are caused by the mutation, China will promptly notify the World Health Organization, and make corresponding optimization, improvement and adjustment in prevention and control programs, medical treatment and other aspects.
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Post time: Feb-01-2023